Long Shot(a.k.a Establishing shot)- This shot is mainly used to show the audience the character in relation to the scenery or location that they are in. For example in many war films, long shots are often used to show the audience the devastation surrounding the character. This is the most effective way of setting the scene as other methods could be the character or narrator describing it, however, this is too time consuming and the audience may get bored.
Mid Shot- The character takes up most of the space in the frame and the audience's attention is focused mainly on him/her. It is mostly used in shot, reverse shot sequences which are used in conversations. Although some of the background is visible the audiences attention is drawn to the background. To insure this the background is often blurred in these type of shots.
Close up- This is where the all of the frame is used with the characters face or the object. If this shot is used on an object, it shows the audience that the object is in someway significant. When used on a character (which is the most common subject to this shot) the audience becomes aware of their emotions and/or reactions.
Extreme Close up- Is where all of the frame is filled with a small proportion of the characters body. It is used to show the audience the characters emotions. This shot makes it very obvious to the audience what the character is feeling.
High Angle- Is where the camera is shooting the character/object from above. This gives the audience a sense that the character is being dominated or that they are in some way small and vulnerable.
Low Angle- Making the audience view the subject from a lower position, looking up suggests that the subject has power over them.
Eye Level Shot- Creates the sense that the audience are in the scenes with the characters as they are viewing it as they would if they were there.
Point of view shot- This is a shot which puts the audience in the characters shoes and allows them to see through the characters eyes. This also allows the audience to form a bond with the character, as it lets them think that they are a real person.
Crane shot- This is a means of shooting an establishing shot as it can shoot from a very high position. It allows the audience to see a great amount of the surrounding scenery but in very little detail, for example, the audience can see the surrounding streets and the character in relation to them but it does not allow them to see the characters clothing and facial expressions. Therefore it would not be appropriate to film the entire movie using this shot.
Tracking- This is where a camera follows the action on a track in a horizontal direction. This allows the camera to be steady without any jerking. It is a expensive type of shot because the film production has to pay for the track and for it to be installed in every scene it is used in.
Pan- The camera follows the action in a horizontal direction and the camera remains stationary.
Tilt- The camera moves up and down but never side to side. This can be used when following a falling object.
Hand Held Camera- Allows the audience to view the film as they would if they were in the scenes. It produces an unsteady film which creates a sense of urgency and is often used for that reason in thrillers. The film "Cloverfield" used this type of shots throughout the film and broke many conventions. However, the film was widely criticised as the audience felt that they could not "get into the storyline" as this type of shot can be distracting.
Crab- This is where the camera follows the action by moving left and right.
Mid Shot- The character takes up most of the space in the frame and the audience's attention is focused mainly on him/her. It is mostly used in shot, reverse shot sequences which are used in conversations. Although some of the background is visible the audiences attention is drawn to the background. To insure this the background is often blurred in these type of shots.
Close up- This is where the all of the frame is used with the characters face or the object. If this shot is used on an object, it shows the audience that the object is in someway significant. When used on a character (which is the most common subject to this shot) the audience becomes aware of their emotions and/or reactions.
Extreme Close up- Is where all of the frame is filled with a small proportion of the characters body. It is used to show the audience the characters emotions. This shot makes it very obvious to the audience what the character is feeling.
High Angle- Is where the camera is shooting the character/object from above. This gives the audience a sense that the character is being dominated or that they are in some way small and vulnerable.
Low Angle- Making the audience view the subject from a lower position, looking up suggests that the subject has power over them.
Eye Level Shot- Creates the sense that the audience are in the scenes with the characters as they are viewing it as they would if they were there.
Point of view shot- This is a shot which puts the audience in the characters shoes and allows them to see through the characters eyes. This also allows the audience to form a bond with the character, as it lets them think that they are a real person.
Crane shot- This is a means of shooting an establishing shot as it can shoot from a very high position. It allows the audience to see a great amount of the surrounding scenery but in very little detail, for example, the audience can see the surrounding streets and the character in relation to them but it does not allow them to see the characters clothing and facial expressions. Therefore it would not be appropriate to film the entire movie using this shot.
Tracking- This is where a camera follows the action on a track in a horizontal direction. This allows the camera to be steady without any jerking. It is a expensive type of shot because the film production has to pay for the track and for it to be installed in every scene it is used in.
Pan- The camera follows the action in a horizontal direction and the camera remains stationary.
Tilt- The camera moves up and down but never side to side. This can be used when following a falling object.
Hand Held Camera- Allows the audience to view the film as they would if they were in the scenes. It produces an unsteady film which creates a sense of urgency and is often used for that reason in thrillers. The film "Cloverfield" used this type of shots throughout the film and broke many conventions. However, the film was widely criticised as the audience felt that they could not "get into the storyline" as this type of shot can be distracting.
Crab- This is where the camera follows the action by moving left and right.
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